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momdogz
extravasation: leaving IV in

 

I, with two pharmacists, and pedi and oncology nurse educators, rewrote an inactive drug extravasation policy a few months ago, it was reviewed and formally adopted.  NICU wanted to add their policy information (instead of having a separate policy), and so the policy review was recently opened up again.  

I was not informed of at least one of the meetings that was recently held by pharmacy and nursing to go over the policy again, and they had actually RE-inactivated the policy because of concerns they had.

One was:  my recommendation that there was a consideration to photo-document the site (they said "no one does that here", "would need a new procedure to do that")....I do photodocumentation, and we don't need a new policy/procedure (I checked)....anyway.... I'm grinching out of exasperation.  We got that straightened out, and left it in the policy.  IV Therapy will do the photodocumentation for them until they can figure out how to plug a digital camera into a computer.  Ooops - grinching again!

I'll continue with the main question I'm bringing to you (Lynn - one of these day's I'll be able to finish your online extravasation course!!  Especially if the hospital stops wasting my time...) 

The group didn't like the (stop the infusion) and "leave the IV in place until antidote/need for antidote is determined."  Apparently, this information is not in the pharmacy manuals. They are not aware of which antidotes you can instill through the IV as you withdraw it - their position is any antidote that you inject into the tissue subcutaneously does not also need to be instilled in the infiltrated IV as you withdraw it.  That actually makes sense to me, but it also makes sense that any antidote you would inject subQ could be injected into the IV while withdrawing it (once it has been pulled back from vein, which might be difficult to be certain when that occurred) - as long as you weren't injecting so much into the tissue that you were damaging it further.

The group would like to remove the "leave IV in place", and just have the staff immediately remove the IV because they think it would be less confusing.  I read your post earlier in the forum about this issue.  What seems to have been clear, ("leave the IV in place"), doesn't seem so clear now - though much of the lit/texts I've read DO make this suggestion. 

Do you think it would be appropriate to take the "leave IV in place....." out of the policy, and have the nurse "remove IV while attempting to aspirate"?, if the antidote will be injected subQ anyway?

I'd love feedback.  I'm going to go bang my head against the wall some more.

 

Mari 

 

 

 

lynncrni
The idea of leaving a

The idea of leaving a peripheral catheter in place after an infiltration/extravasation is found in many older articles, but I have never seen any research on it. But the only possible way to do this research would be in animal studies. This idea is based on the thought that the antidote injected through the peripheral catheter will follow the path of the extravasated fluid and thus reach the same tissue exposed to the vesicant drug. I have never seen any expert pose the idea to inject the antidote as you are removing the catheter. The concern with this injection through the catheter is that some of the antidote could be given into the vein. 

The other method for injecting antidotes is to use a very small needle and inject in a circular pattern around the area where the vesicant med has leaked from the vein. This method requires multiple skin punctures in an area already traumatized by the vesicant. 

Each hospital must decide what their policy should be as through is no clear winner between these 2 methods. Another downside to leaving a catheter in place waiting for the antidote injection is that it could be used again by another nurse who did not know the situation. 

ONS has sent out some preliminary marketing for their new chemo guidelines. I am hoping that it will have some new information, but don't think it will be available for a few weeks yet. Sorry, no perfect answers to this one. 

 

Lynn Hadaway, M.Ed., RN, BC, CRNI

www.hadawayassociates.com

Lynn Hadaway, M.Ed., RN, NPD-BC, CRNI

Lynn Hadaway Associates, Inc.

PO Box 10

Milner, GA 30257

Website http://www.hadawayassociates.com

Office Phone 770-358-7861

momdogz
Still, helpful. I'll go

Still, helpful.

I'll go back and look at my references, but I believe I found the leave in place recommendation in some not - so - old infusion therapy texts.  May be close to publishing newer editions.

Thank you, Lynn.  After talking with one of the pharmacists today, it looks like we'll finally be able to put this policy to bed for....a little while or until newer information is published. 

 

Mari Cordes, BS RN 

Nurse Educator IV Therapy
Fletcher Allen Health Care, Burlington VT
Educator, Bard Access Systems 

Mari Cordes, BS RNIII VA-BC
Vascular Access Department
University of Vermont Medical Center

Donna Fritz
Ah, the joys of
Ah, the joys of collaboration . . . the new ONS guidelines are set to be released late this month, or so the last communique said.  I think the "leave IV in place" ("catheter" would probably be a better term) assumes that the reason there was an extravasation is that the catheter is no longer "IV," as Lynn said.  There could be a circumstance where it was just at the vein entry point, so some fluid going intravenous and some interstitial.  The ONS guidelines (2005) state that the catheter is used to "attempt to aspirate the residual drug from the IV device by using a small (1-3 cc) syringe."  p.82 The current edition also states that the use of antidotes is controversial and ONS no longer recommends antidotes (other than sodium thiosulfate).  I think this will change in the new edition with the availability of Totect for anthracycline drugs.  So there is no recommendation in the current ONS guidelines to administer an antidote via the IV catheter.  BTW, ONS also recommends photodocumentation not only initially, but ongoing ("weekly, if appropriate").
momdogz
Thanks so much,

Thanks so much, Donna.

 

Mari Cordes, BS RN 

Nurse Educator IV Therapy
Fletcher Allen Health Care, Burlington VT
Educator, Bard Access Systems 

Mari Cordes, BS RNIII VA-BC
Vascular Access Department
University of Vermont Medical Center

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